In recent years, Burkina Faso has significantly deepened its relationship with Russia, marking a pivotal shift in its foreign policy and regional alliances. This burgeoning partnership encompasses military cooperation, energy development, economic collaboration, and cultural exchange, reflecting a broader trend of West African nations reevaluating traditional alliances.
Military and Security Cooperation
Following the 2022 coup that brought Captain Ibrahim Traoré to power, Burkina Faso has actively sought to enhance its military capabilities through Russian support. In April 2025, top diplomats from Burkina Faso, Mali, and Niger met in Moscow to discuss strengthening military cooperation. Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov pledged support in training troops, providing military equipment, and assisting in establishing a joint armed force for the Sahel region.
This collaboration aligns with the formation of the Alliance of Sahel States (AES), a confederation established in July 2024 by Burkina Faso, Mali, and Niger. The AES aims to pool resources for infrastructure development, establish a common market, and implement a monetary union, among other objectives.
Energy and Nuclear Development
Energy cooperation has become a cornerstone of the Burkina Faso-Russia alliance. In October 2023, Rosatom and Burkina Faso’s Ministry of Mines, Quarries, and Energy signed a Memorandum of Understanding on peaceful uses of atomic energy. This agreement promotes collaboration in nuclear generation projects, non-energy applications of nuclear energy in industry, agriculture, and medicine, and the development of nuclear infrastructure in Burkina Faso.
Furthering this initiative, in June 2024, additional memorandums were signed focusing on education, training, and public awareness regarding nuclear technology. These agreements aim to facilitate the training of nuclear energy specialists, assess and develop nuclear infrastructure, and foster positive public opinion on nuclear energy.
Economic and Humanitarian Collaboration
The economic ties between Burkina Faso and Russia have also strengthened. In January 2024, Russia donated 25,000 tons of grain to Burkina Faso as part of a humanitarian supply, demonstrating a commitment to supporting the country’s food security. Apa.az
Additionally, discussions have been underway since 2023 to enhance cooperation in labor and employment sectors. This includes training programs for Burkinabe labor inspectors in Russia and agreements to facilitate the integration of Burkinabe migrants into various sectors in Russia. Africa Liberty News
Cultural and Educational Exchanges
Cultural and educational exchanges have played a significant role in solidifying the Burkina Faso-Russia relationship. Many Burkinabe professionals who studied in the Soviet Union have become key influencers in fostering economic, educational, and diplomatic ties between the two countries. These individuals have established business clubs and cultural organizations aimed at promoting Russian language and culture in Burkina Faso.